SkyGeo technical paper on InSAR-based geotechnical assessment of high-rise buildings, with a city skyline and bridge highlighting urban infrastructure risk.

Geotechnical Assessment of High-Rise Buildings in Six Steps

Technical Paper

This paper presents an iterative six-step InSAR methodology for the geotechnical assessment of high-rise buildings in Rotterdam, focusing on de Coopvaert, Zalmhaventoren, and Calypso. These skyscrapers have deep foundations on the second sand layer (-65m NAP).

 

  • Learn that a six-step iterative InSAR methodology, developed through close collaboration between InSAR and geotechnical experts, is essential for accurate geotechnical assessment of high-rise buildings in dense urban areas like Rotterdam.

  • Understand that raw InSAR data must be carefully validated, filtered, and corrected—for effects like concrete densification ("kruip") and seasonal/thermal influences—before being used for geotechnical analysis.

  • Discover that InSAR can retrospectively provide long-term, millimeter-accurate time series data on the subsidence, displacement, and tilt of high-rise buildings and their surroundings.

  • See that the construction of deep-foundation high-rise buildings, such as De Coopvaert, Zalmhaventoren, and Calypso, creates a measurable "subsidence bowl" and horizontal displacement in surrounding buildings.

  • Grasp that simplifying InSAR data into a single subsidence map without applying the full correction methodology can lead to significant misinterpretation of real geotechnical effects, with errors potentially exceeding 30-60mm over 20 years.